Structural Concept Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Structural Concept - Essay Example The piles will be generated using continuous beams originating from standard non-stop beam components linked to the node of elements through flows also called non-linear springs. This type of technology mixes in-situ soils together with cementitious materials in the process of forming a vertical stiff inclusion in the soil structure. The process entails rotating the mixing tool downwards to the designed depth. On reaching the appropriate depth, the construction engineer reverses the rotation of the mixing tool and starts withdrawing it at a standardized rate (Nelson 2005). The engineer forces into the ground agents that include slaked lime, quicklime, fly ash, and cement during advancement and withdrawal of the mixing tool. Other agents commonly referred to as binders introduced in the entire process in form of either wet slurry or dry powder. This technology shares familiar elements with the deep mixing technology with differences appearing in very high-pressure fluids that are applicable in the jet grouting technology in the process of eroding subsurface soil particles and used in mixing them with cement. This technology applies hydraulic energy to erode the soil as well as mix or replace the eroded soil with an engineered grout of water and cement in the process of forming a solidified in-situ component. Various subsurface geometries apply in the process of installing Jet Group elements. The tools for performing jet grouting remains special but many contractors are available and can help in continuing with technology. Engineers erect gadgets as close as possible to existing structures of embankment such as railways to strengthen resistance of the embankment and prevent failures from stability. They are made of few compacted meters of material with a height of one to two meters (Nelson 2005). They are also cost effective compared to other structures. However, its ability to reduce vibration and settlements is very low. In

Art Appreciation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Art Appreciation - Essay Example A spiral design can be seen throughout the work. The spiral design was used by the artist with a view of presenting perseverance. The artist seems to have found a number of examples regarding the spiral design as petroglyphs, which is common to many tribes. Each tree surface is covered using images as well as text, which chronicle the Indians history. Regarding the themes of each tree, they seem to be presented roughly in a chronological order. Tree One is the starting point of the artwork and it depicts imagery mainly from Ancestral Puebloans (Denver Art Museum). This comes out as a way of representing ancient times. Tree Two, on the other hand, shows the history of Bent’s Fort. It further explores the themes of coexistence. This exploration is specifically the relationships that are based on trade between the various nations presented. Bent’s Fort has a tepee and shows the existence of a close relationship between the tribes and Fort. On this tree, question marks are indicated in reverse form. These marks indicate the impression of the non-existence of peaceful trade relationships (Denver Art Museum). Tree Three deals with the tribes of Cheyenne and Arapaho. These two tribes occupied the eastern side of Colorado. Besides, two historic massacres that point to the destructive effect of the United States Amy as well as the expansion of railroad on the native people. The tracks, in this case, are read in terms of the railway’s wounds approaching the native communities.

Homeless veterans in the US

Homeless veterans in the US WHO ARE HOMELESS VETERANS? Abstract It ought to be evident at this point that destitute veterans are not being served well by any means. On the off chance that the destitute veterans were legitimately looked after by our nation, the aggregate destitute populace would fall by more than forty percent over night. Destitute administrations would then have adequate subsidizing to move huge numbers of whatever is left of the destitute off the roads into transitional lodging with administrations that bring them again into the working populace. It would be a fantasy works out. If our nation would venture up to the plate, vagrancy in our nation would be essentially disposed of. Vagrancy among veterans is a real issue in United States. There are projects and administrations to help veterans, yet these endeavors are insufficient to viably address the emergency. This paper characterizes destitute veterans, analyzes their conditions, distinguishes current projects that address the issue, presents contentions for business as usual, presents contentions against the norm, and afterward closes with an ethical position. Thesis statement Destitute veterans are a real social issue confronting our general public today. Vagrancy among United States veterans are of specific concern to the general public in light of the fact that everybody sees a percentage of the weights confronting vets after coming back to regular citizen life. Who are homeless veterans then? The U.S. Division of Veterans Affairs (VA) states that the nations dejected veterans are male, with around 7.5 percent being female. The larger parts are single; live in urban zones; and experience the evil impacts of passionate insecurity, alcohol and/or substance sick utilization, or co-incident issue. Background Information The specialists accept that destitute veterans make up around 11 percent of the United States destitute populace. Veterans encountering long haul vagrancy are more inclined to be white to have a poor job history, to have side effects of mental and substance ill-use issue, and to have weaker social backing (Applewhite, 1997). Ladies veterans and those with handicaps including post-traumatic anxiety issue and traumatic mind harm are more prone to end up destitute, and a higher rate of veterans coming back from the present clashes in Afghanistan and Iraq have these attributes. Prepared volunteers with the 100,000 Homes Campaign overviewed more than 23,000 destitute Americans in 47 groups the nation over and discovered that veterans have a tendency to be destitute longer than non-veterans. Indeed, destitute veterans reported a normal of about six years destitute, contrasted with four years among non-veterans. The researchers acknowledge that desperate veterans make up around 11 percent of the United States down and out masses, which are around 31 penniless veterans for every ten thousand veterans. This figure is much higher than the rate of vagrancy in the overall population (Peterson, 1987). Veterans experiencing long term vagrancy are more disposed to be white to have a poor occupation history, to have reactions of mental and substance sick utilization issue, and to have weaker social support. There is stress over whats to come. Women veterans and those with debilitations including post-traumatic uneasiness issue and traumatic personality damage are more inclined to wind up dejected and a higher rate of veterans returning from the present conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq has these traits (Bascetta, 2005). Arranged volunteers with the 100,000 Homes Campaign diagramed more than 23,000 down and out Americans in 47 gatherings the country over and found that veterans tend to be penniless longer than non-veterans. Undoubtedly, penniless veterans reported an ordinary of around six years down and out, appeared differently in relation to four years among non-veterans. The Main Body Veterans are 50% more inclined to end up destitute than different Americans because of neediness, absence of bolster systems, and grim living conditions in packed or substandard lodging. Around 1.5 million veterans are considered at-danger of vagrancy. At danger is characterized as being beneath the neediness level and paying more than 50% of family unit salary on rent. It additionally incorporates families with a part who has a handicap, an individual living alone, and the individuals who are not in the work power (Baumohl, 1996). Exploration demonstrates that the most serious danger components for vagrancy are absence of bolster and social detachment after release. Veterans have low marriage rates and high separate rates; and, at present, 1 in 5 veterans is living alone. Informal organizations are especially essential for the individuals who have an emergency or need interim help. Without this help, they are at high hazard for vagrancy (Jasper, 2009). Ladies veterans face challenges that could add to their dangers of vagrancy. They are more prone to have encountered sexual injury than ladies in the overall public and are more probable than male veterans to be single folks. Truly, couple of destitute projects for veterans has had the offices to give separate housing to ladies and ladies with youngsters. How do Veterans get to be destitute? Our Veterans, the ones who serve in the United States Military, have battled for our nation and others. They have served us well by deserting their families and wandering off into obscure terrains like Iraq and Afghanistan to do right by us of them. We call them Heroes until they return home. Our Heroes return securely home from death and annihilation just to be made mindful that they are the same as any other person. Well if our Veterans are dealt with more any other individual than vagrancy wont separate. Our Heroes get back home excited to see their families and to begin a so call ordinary regular citizen life. Their psyches are loaded with recollections of seeing companions kick the bucket or recollections of taking an individuals life. The Veteran are faced with issues ranging from managing trials, tribulations and dissatisfactions of unemployment in view of absence of abilities and preparing which prompts exorbitant lodging to look after dep endability (McNamara, 2008). Vagrancy happens among families with youngsters and single people, in provincial groups and in addition vast urban communities, and for differing times of time. Contingent upon circumstances, times of vagrancy may differ from days to years. Transitionally vagrants are the individuals who have one short stay in a destitute asylum before coming back to changeless lodging. The individuals who are verbosely destitute every now and again move all through vagrancy however dont stay destitute for drawn out stretches of time. Chronically destitute people are the individuals who are destitute ceaselessly for a time of one year or have no less than four scenes of vagrancy in three years. Chronically destitute people frequently experience the ill effects of maladjustment and/or substance utilization issue (Nchv.org, 2015). Destitute veterans started to go to the consideration of general society while vagrancy for the most part was getting to be more normal. News records chronicled the predicament of veterans who had served their nation yet were living and kicking the bucket in the city. The usually held idea that the military experience furnishes youngsters with occupation preparing, instructive and different advantages, and in addition the development required for a profitable life, clashed with the vicinity of veterans among the destitute populace. With a specific end goal to fit the bill for support under the destitute veteran projects administered by Title 38 of the U.S. Code, veterans must meet the meaning of destitute veteran. Declining wages and increasing expenses of lodging have confused veteran vagrancy and have put lasting lodging out of scope for a few veterans. Giving these veterans Section 8 vouchers, or other comparative lodging vouchers, are viable approaches to get the veterans off the lanes (Peterson, 1987). Both male and female Veterans are more inclined to be destitute than their non-veteran partners in the same age companions. Rates of dysfunctional behavior and substance misuse and wellbeing issues, for example, HIV/AIDS, and hypertension may be higher among destitute Veterans. Conclusion Reasons for vagrancy among Veterans are like reasons for vagrancy among non-Veterans interrelated monetary and individual variables and lack of reasonable lodging. About a large portion of a million Veterans pay more than a large portion of their pay for rent. Dominant part of destitute Veterans are single; social disengagement is connected with higher danger of vagrancy (Rosenheck Koegel, 1993). Destitute veterans are a real social issue confronting our general public today. Vagrancy among United States veterans are of specific concern to the general public in light of the fact that everybody sees a percentage of the weights confronting vets after coming back to non-military personnel life. Genuine measures need to be taken to spare the fallen troopers from the hazards of a frantic life in the city of America. We should first comprehend the life of destitute vets to draw profitable knowledge into why customary endeavors at fathoming this issue are unprofitable. The general public needs to bring possession in living up to expectations with State and Federal Government to execute effective arrangements which create positive results in wiping out vagrancy among our veterans. Destitute female vets are frequently disregarded in current techniques and we have to contemplate this and create suitable answers for the overlooked sexual orientation. At long last, restoring vets to a ga inful part in the public arena is a continuous process and requires more than putting a transitional rooftop over their heads and rotating entryway recovery treatment (Sweet, 1987). Other psychological well-being issues that may bring about subjective disabilities challenges with focus or recalling errands, troubles in social connections or controlling temper or motivations, or different impacts that may make boundaries to business and stable connections. Veterans have a tendency to be more youthful and are more prone to have youngsters. Contrasted with destitute male Veterans, ladies Veterans are more inclined to have a background marked by sexual injury or genuine maladjustment, and less inclined to have genuine substance misuse issues(McNamara, 2008). Bibliography Apple white, S. (1997). Homeless Veterans: Perspectives on Social Services Use. Social Work, 42(1), 19-30. Bascetta, C. (2005). Homeless veterans. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Government Accountability Office. Baumohl, J. (1996). Homelessness in America. Phoenix, Ariz.: Oryx Press. Jasper, M. (2009). Veterans rights and benefits. New York: Oceana. McNamara, R. (2008). Homelessness in America. Westport, CT: Praeger. Peterson, M. (1987). Homeless Veterans, Continued. PS, 38(7), 774-775. Rosenheck, R., Koegel, P. (1993). Characteristics of Veterans and Nonveterans in Three Samples of Homeless Men. PS, 44(9), 858-863. Sweet, M. (1987). Homeless Veterans. PS, 38(1), 78-79. doi:10.1176/ps.38.1.78

Section 377 :: History Historical 377 Essays

Section 377 On October 6, 1860, the Indian Law Commission, lorded over by Lord Macauly (Bhaskaran 15), took out a giant-sized Elmer’s glue-stick and applied quantities of super-sticky lines to the reverse of Section 377, a colonial antisodomy statute to be included in the Indian Penal code (15), which was on a massive slice of parchment perfectly India-shaped, before it was pastily placed over the subcontinent of Asia. Like a shimmering gem in a place setting carefully crafted by a jeweler for a crown worn by a foreign conqueror heading the globe, its broadcast with the seduction of TV: Whoever voluntarily has carnal intercourse against the order of nature with any man, woman, or animal, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine. Explanation. Penetration is sufficient to constitute the carnal intercourse necessary to the offence described in this section. Comment. This section is intended to punish the offence of sodomy, buggery and bestiality. The offense consists in a carnal knowledge committed against the order of nature by a person with a man, or in the same unnatural manner with a woman, or by a man or woman in any manner with an animal. (Bhaskaran 15) As the British soldiers stomped in quick-time across the surface, the Indians became stuck in the glue and it dried upon their skin leaving permanent marks molding them into the British Victorian 1800s, a feat of timespace travel, and the soldiers sang: Take up the White Man’s burden-- The savage wars of peace-- Fill full the mouth of famine And bid the sickness cease; And when your goal is nearest The end for others sought, Watch sloth and heathen Folly Bring all your hopes to naught. Take up the White Man’s burden-- (Kipling qtd. in Halsall) In response to the effects of the glue, Macauly is quoted as having said, â€Å"Our principle is simply this--uniformity when you can have it; diversity when you must have it; but, in all cases certainty † (Bhaskaran 20). â€Å"Where women are not imagined to have sexual agency at all, lesbian sex is not outlawed because it is not imagined to exist† (Bacchetta 951). For this reason, women are not subject to Section 377 legally; however, women who love women are still threatened with it (Bhaskaran 26). Section 377 :: History Historical 377 Essays Section 377 On October 6, 1860, the Indian Law Commission, lorded over by Lord Macauly (Bhaskaran 15), took out a giant-sized Elmer’s glue-stick and applied quantities of super-sticky lines to the reverse of Section 377, a colonial antisodomy statute to be included in the Indian Penal code (15), which was on a massive slice of parchment perfectly India-shaped, before it was pastily placed over the subcontinent of Asia. Like a shimmering gem in a place setting carefully crafted by a jeweler for a crown worn by a foreign conqueror heading the globe, its broadcast with the seduction of TV: Whoever voluntarily has carnal intercourse against the order of nature with any man, woman, or animal, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine. Explanation. Penetration is sufficient to constitute the carnal intercourse necessary to the offence described in this section. Comment. This section is intended to punish the offence of sodomy, buggery and bestiality. The offense consists in a carnal knowledge committed against the order of nature by a person with a man, or in the same unnatural manner with a woman, or by a man or woman in any manner with an animal. (Bhaskaran 15) As the British soldiers stomped in quick-time across the surface, the Indians became stuck in the glue and it dried upon their skin leaving permanent marks molding them into the British Victorian 1800s, a feat of timespace travel, and the soldiers sang: Take up the White Man’s burden-- The savage wars of peace-- Fill full the mouth of famine And bid the sickness cease; And when your goal is nearest The end for others sought, Watch sloth and heathen Folly Bring all your hopes to naught. Take up the White Man’s burden-- (Kipling qtd. in Halsall) In response to the effects of the glue, Macauly is quoted as having said, â€Å"Our principle is simply this--uniformity when you can have it; diversity when you must have it; but, in all cases certainty † (Bhaskaran 20). â€Å"Where women are not imagined to have sexual agency at all, lesbian sex is not outlawed because it is not imagined to exist† (Bacchetta 951). For this reason, women are not subject to Section 377 legally; however, women who love women are still threatened with it (Bhaskaran 26).

Invisalign Case Study Essay

Customer: The patient holds the beginning and end of the channel flow in the Invisalign process, looking for a service for malocclusion treatment from their orthodontist. Customers of Invisalign have the edge by having nearly invisible aligners, removable while eating, and hygiene of the aligners while eating and cleaning. Orthodontist: Orthodontists are the main source for the customer whether to suggest invisalign to them or not. If suitable, the orthodontist will go for photographs, X-rays, impressions of dental arches, a wax bite and an Invisalign prescription for the patient. This information is then sent to the next channel member in Santa Clara for processing. 3-D simulations were developed in Pakistan. The orthodontist will make adjustments and corrections to the proposal after getting from Pakistan. A program called â€Å"ClinCheck† is used to view the 3-D simulation, of the proposed treatment plan. Any changes made are sent back to Pakistan for correction. The orthodontist also works with the customer to maximize insurance coverage along with a payment plan to cover the cost of the treatment. Major motive why Invisalign are preferred over traditional braces include reduced labor and chair time, minimal training and potential to increase patient base. Invisalign: The Santa Clara headquarters serves as focal point between all channel members. Once Invisalign receives the patient’s information from the orthodontist, employees analyzes the data and constructs plaster and computer models of the current dentition. After completion, this model is forwarded to Pakistan for further analysis. Santa Clara is also responsible for approving the simulated treatment proposal created in Pakistan along with constructing a series of molds of the patient’s teeth for each of the 2 weeks before sending them to Mexico. Financially, Invisalign is responsible for providing monetary incentives to orthodontists that refer their business. This includes establishing pricing and discounts to provide the  service to the end customer. Software Development (Pakistan): The patient’s treatment plan is designed in Pakistan, which includes simulated tooth movements for each of the two weeks for the entire treatment process. Once approved by Invisalign and the orthodontist, these molds are then sent to the next channel in Mexico for production. Manufacturing (Mexico): Aligners are created from the molds received. They are trimmed, cleaned, polished and inspected before they are shipped directly to the orthodontist, which then forwards to the end customer. Traditional Braces Traditional braces flow channel comprises of: * Customer * Dentist * Orthodontist Customer: Similar to Invisalign, the patient starts and ends the channel flow in the traditional braces process. The patient may either inquire or be referred by their dentist to seek malocclusion treatment. The cost of traditional braces tends to be cheaper than Invisalign. Dentist: The patient visits their general dentist and if malocclusion is diagnosed, a referral is made to an orthodontist. Orthodontist: In the initial visit with the orthodontist, X-rays, photographs and dental moldings are collected from the patient. A treatment plan is created and in the next visit, brackets are cemented to each tooth and linked with an arch wire. The patient returns monthly for retightening and adjustments. At the end of treatment, the brackets are removed and replaced with plastic retainers. Some of the reasons why orthodontists choose traditional braces over Invisalign are credibility, cost and low level of patient compliance. 2. Invisalign Advertising Channel There are different functions performed by advertising channel. There are three different channels used by Invisalign for promotion, these are: 1. The sales force 2. Call centers 3. Media ads These channels are designed to increase the awareness in the customers regarding Invisalign and also to reach the customers through different ways. The target customers are the dentists, orthodontists and patients. These services are the part of marketing strategy of Invisalign to capture more and more customers through direct contact and through referrals. The sales force setup was used to target the orthodontists, who are the key focal point for the patients. Besides introducing Invisalign, sales force also used to train the orthodontists on case selection, pricing and how to use the Invisalign website and ClinCheck software. These types of trainings with orthodontists created a sense of security and care of Invisalign for its customers. Also it would help the orthodontists to get equip with the tools needed to recommend Invisalign to their patients. We can say that Invisalign uses push strategy to generate the sales. The second source was call centers. It is for those customers who are more curious in knowing about the Invisalign, these customers can call at toll free number, 1-800-INVISIBLLE. Customers will get the desired information regarding invisalign by calling this number. The third medium used was media ads. This includes direct mails, journals advertising and trade shows. In these activities customers are convinced to use Invisalign. As dentists are the main source of referrals to orthodontists, these ads also provide awareness to the dentists regarding any new development in invisalign, so that they could recommend it to their customers. We can say that Invisalign uses Pull strategy here to attract customers. Question # 3: Are there any gaps in the channel? Are channel members performing functions that invisalign intends them to do? If not, why not? Demand-Side Gaps: Capturing the Existing Market: The market of potential malocclusion customers is about 200 million individuals. Only 2 million actually elect orthodontic treatment (1 % of potential market); half of those customers (1 million) do not even go for the treatment, this is the first â€Å"gap† in the channel. This is due to the very nature of the product, since the orthodontist treatment requires dentition to be constantly observing the patient and to make corrections in advance. One of the important members of the process is the orthodontists. This member stands between the customer and Invisalign’s product, it is the responsibility of the orthodontist to recommend Invisalign to more and more customers but it found to push the product less enthusiastically than desired by Align. There might be conflict of objective here among the two members. Nominally, 25 percent of the nation’s orthodontists have not been trained on the new system. This detracts from the spatial convenience of the marketing channel. Capturing the potential market: Besides the 1 million qualifying patients in the existing market, the promise of the invisalign product is to expand into the population of non-children that have IV-treatable malocclusion (80 percent of people above the age 15), but do not seek orthodontic treatment. â€Å"Orthodontists (should) be eager to expand their patient base,† said Zia Chishti. Indeed, only a relatively small proportion of this potential population seeks treatment because of the drawbacks associated with conventional treatment, but Align’s process overcomes many of these shortcomings (as described in case study). This gap might be attributed to the orthodontists (described above) and the media advertisement, which is focused on raising awareness, and describes advantages over the conventional method (instead of brand benefits). Supply-Side Gaps: Delivery Incentives: A possible gap in the delivery of the offering may stem from the basic economic incentive for orthodontists. Profit margins were about the same for  both Invisalign and Traditional Braces ($3,600 vs. $3,500 gross, or 88% vs. 66%, respectively). So short of the orthodontists possessing very high brand loyalty or customers specifically requesting the Invisalign treatment, the promotion to customers breaks down here. In addition, the ClinCheck simulation takes 3-4 weeks to complete. This seems like a very long time. Invisalign may find a way to incentivize Pakistan to turn around the simulations faster to cut down on production time. Likewise, incentives for the sales force were designed for the objective of brand awareness (bonuses based on non-sales activities). The company is now looking for boosted sales, so it may its current plan may be affecting sales. Production Process Time: Invisalign has essentially inserted itself right in the middle of the traditional malocclusion treatment process. As, the procedures of invisalign is entirely customized (fitted) to each patient. These two facts combined create a longer supply chain this is why the entire supply chain works slowly as the order and product get routed through the various intermediaries. The Invisalign process includes three centers (Santa Clara, Pakistan and Juarez, Mexico). The entire process took up to six weeks, compared to an immediate treatment with traditional braces. As we know that Customers increasingly prefer faster delivery channels. Question # 4: Are channel power sources affecting Invisalign’s success? If so, how? Answer: yes, the channel power sources do affect the Invisalign’s success. Being the part of product flow and promotion channel, the channel members have the power to affect the Invisalign’s success. Orthodontists: The greatest power source affecting Invisalign’s success is the orthodontist. He stands in-between Align and the patient, and has the power of his expertise. The two customer segments (health conscious and beauty conscious) value their orthodontist’s opinion. Indeed, conversion seems to disappears at the stage were orthodontists are engaged: over 3,500 referrals to orthos every week from IV, but only 100 customers sign up (8,000 calls, 80% referred to ortho, 55 to 65 percent follow up, 3 percent convert to sales).  His expert power validates IV’s treatment to customers even though his impetus may lie in something non-expertise, such as his economic incentive (profit margin) or reception to change. Dentists Invisalign’s â€Å"exclusive† distribution to orthodontists prompted one general-practice dentist to file a legal complaint against Align, alleging anti-trust laws were violated. Aside from this legitimate power, dentists exercise a type of referent power. Since dentists are to refer qualifying customers to orthodontists, their choice could end up helping or hurting conversion rates for IV, depending on the referred orthodontist’s brand loyalty to IV. Invisalign Invisalign’s sales force uses a tiering structure which rewards orthodontists who are very proficient in the Invisalign process. IV commits more resources and potential business (through their call center and website) to these valued doctors. In this way, IV can extend extra benefits for performing in a manner consistent with its own objectives. Patients Patient compliance affects IV’s success because of the high degree of participation required for a success treatment (aligners were removeable at the patients discretion). Some orthodontists did not like being associated with a treatment that could fail from no doing of their own. Therefore, patients show a sort of anti-referent power–doctors did not want to be â€Å"associated† with them. Question # 5: What would you do to complete conversion? Our team proposes the IV offering is closer to the growth stage in the product life cycle than it is to the introduction stage. Marketing channels should change as the product moves along in its cycle. Our umbrella suggestion is to have dentists administer the IV treatment process. Specifics are outlined here. * Intensive distribution. There are 14 times more general dentists than orthodontists. IV should move from selective  distribution to intensive. The increased number of retailers (dentists and orthodontists) makes it easier and more likely for patients to receive treatment (enhance spatial convenience). The increased distribution should drive prices down as retailers compete for customers; dentists may be willing to accept lower margins than the orthodontists. * Better align incentives. â€Å"Being able to stimulate channel members to top performance starts with understanding their needs and wants† (pg 423, marketing textbook). Dentists are incentivized by volume of patients and perform non-specialized tasks that require less treatment, all opposite of the orthodontists. This matches brilliantly with the IV offering. In fact, some of the characteristics seen as unattractive from the orthodontists would be viewed as benefits for dentists. * Heterogeneous customers. The offering can be adjusted to match the needs/wants of the various segments of customers. This idea comes from the readings on CRM programs. Each patient segment (prior use, beauty and health conscious) has different preferences and a varied propensity to buy, as would the retailers (dentists and orthodontists). The other side to this is IV can â€Å"fire† bad orthodontists, which is another way of saying reward/coercive power can be exercised more exactly. * Brand benefits. Because brand awareness is achieved (80 percent), advertisement should shift focus from aesthetic advantages over the traditional system (the a $40 million media campaign) to brand benefits. The existing approach approach targets the existing market. We want to capture some of the potential market–the big table!

Human Fertilisation and Development

Human Fertilisation and Development Each day cute little babies are born into this world and being dazzled by their beauty we forget all about the long complicating process that took place which made it possible to have a baby. Therefore in my essay I am going to discuss the human reproductive cell, fertilisation and the development of a human life. Humans reproduce sexually, with both parents contributing half of the genetic makeup of their offspring via sex cells or gametes.Gametes produced by the male parent through Spermatogenesis process are called spermatozoa (commonly called sperm cells) and gametes produced by females through Oogenesis process are called oocytes (commonly referred to as ova or eggs). As gametes are formed, the 46 chromosomes from each parent cell (23 pairs of chromosomes) are divided through meiosis so that each gamete is haploid, having only 23 unpaired chromosomes. Spermatozoa, produced by males, contain a 23rd chromosome that is either an X chromosome (fem ale) or the analogous Y chromosome (male), making each sperm cell either female or male.Spermatozoa have a head that contains a nucleus, a mid piece that contains mitochondria, and a tail with its end piece. Sperm cells produced in the testes move to the epididymis, a coiled tube at the base of the penis where they are stored and matured. During ejaculation, or the ejection of sperm from the penis during orgasm, sperm travel from the epididymis through a long tube called the vas deferens to the urethra. This single tube, which extends from the bladder to the tip of the penis, is also the means by which urine passes out of the body. Liquid secretions from various glands combine with sperm to form the semen, or seminal fluid.Ejaculated semen may contain as many as 400 million sperm. Oocytes are also haploid, and since they are formed only by females, the 23rd chromosome can only be an X chromosome. Each oocyte is protected by several layers of granulosa cells called the corona radiata . Beneath the corona radiata lays the zona pellucida which is involved in binding the sperm cell, and through which the sperm cell must also penetrate prior to fertilization. The nucleus in an oocyte is called the germinal vessicel, and the nucleolus is referred to as the germinal spot. Eggs are produced in the ovaries, oval-shaped organs in the groin that also generate sex hormones.At birth, a female's ovaries contain hundreds of thousands of undeveloped eggs, each surrounded by a group of cells to form a follicle, or sac; however, only about 360-480 follicles reach full maturity. During puberty the action of hormones causes several follicles to develop each month. Normally, just one follicle fully matures, rupturing and releasing an ovum through the ovary wall in a process called ovulation. The mature egg enters one of the paired fallopian tubes, where it may be fertilized by a sperm and move on to the uterus to develop into a fetus.The lining of the uterus, called the endometrium , prepares for pregnancy each month by thickening, but if fertilization does not take place, the endometrium is shed during menstruation. The development of a human begins with fertilization, a process by which the spermatozoan from the male and the oocyte from the female unite to give rise to a new organism, the zygote. During sexual intercourse, a man releases approximately 300 million sperm into a woman's vagina, but only one of the sperm can fertilize the ovum.The successful sperm cell must enter the uterus, swim up the fallopian tube to meet the ovum, and then pass through a thick coating, known as the zona pellucida, that surrounds the egg. The head of the sperm cell contains enzymes that break through the zona pellucida and allow the sperm to penetrate the egg. Once the head of the sperm is inside the egg, the tail falls off, and the outside of the egg thickens to prevent another sperm from entering, and the fertilized egg (zygote) develops into an embryo. The embryo is now a hollow sphere of cells called a blastocyst.The blastocyst implants itself in the uterine wall. Gastrulation occurs in which cells migrate inward and form a rudimentary digestive cavity. The resulting gastrula has three layers of cells. After gastrulation the three embryonic tissue layers give rise to specific organ systems. Tissues and organs take shape in a developing embryo as a result of cell shape changes, cell migration and programmed cell death. In a process called induction, adjacent cells and cell layers influence each other’s differentiation via chemical signals.Pattern formation, the emergence of the parts of a structure in their correct relative positions, involves the response of genes to spatial variations of chemicals in the embryo. Meanwhile, the four extra embryonic membranes develop: the amnion, the chorion the yolk sac, and the allantois. The embryo floats in the fluid-filled amniotic cavity, while the chorion and embryonic mesoderm form the embryo’s part of the placenta. The placenta’s chorionic villi absorb food and oxygen from the mother’s blood.Human embryonic development is divided into three trimesters of about 3 months each. During the first trimester the embryo begins to develop all vital organs of the baby and by 9 weeks shows a fetus. The fetus looks like a miniature human, although its head is still oversized for the rest of the body. During the second trimester, the fetus continues growing and developing. Its arms, legs, fingers and toes have lengthened. It has the face of an infant with eyebrows and eyelashes. It develops fingernails and toenails and is covered with fine hair.And also it begins to move, kick and open and closes its eye and its teeth are forming. During the third trimester, the fetus gains the strength it will need to survive outside the protective environment of the uterus. The fetus circulatory system undergoes changes that will allow the switch to air breathing and it continues to g row adding layers of fat, bones begin to harden and its muscles thicken. It also loses much of its fine hairs, except on its head and the head changes its proportion. Finishing development is underway preparing for birth.Hormonal changes induce birth; estrogen makes the uterus more sensitive to oxytocins, which acts the prostagland into initiate labor. The cervix dilates, the baby is expelled by strong muscular contractions, and the placenta follows. To conclude, life begins when male and female gametes unite during fertilisation. The embryo develops into a fetus in the mother’s womb and after the three trimesters of growing and developing, the mother cuddles her new born baby boy or girl in her arms which puts a smile on her face.

The Benefits of Raising the Minimum Wage essays

The Benefits of Raising the Minimum Wage essays Many people say, "The rich get richer while the poor get poorer." This quote is often said these days due to the economic downfall and crisis happening in the United States. One of the only ways to make due is by working relentlessly day in and day out. Today's minimum wage simply is not cutting it anymore, especially if you reside in the state of New Jersey. With the cost of living going up, it is safe to say that there must be a raise in minimum wage in order to keep the quality of life stable. However, not very many people agree with the raise in minimum wage being the resolution to any economic issues. In fact, increasing the minimum wage New Jersey is by far one of the most expensive states in many aspects across the board and in any category. With many people living day-to-day and paycheck-to-paycheck, it is safe to say that the place minimum wage is right now is not working for most of New Jersey's residents. For example, let us take a look at a simple month of living in New Jersey from 'NewJersey.com.' One person living on their own can accrue a total of two hundred and fifty dollars to three hundred fifty dollars in groceries per month. If a person owns an economical car that is paid off, with an average commute of one thousand miles per month, and with gas prices fluctuating up and down, that person's total in gas expenses can average one hundred and sixty dollars per month. The average insurance premium in New Jersey is one hundred and thirty dollars. However, keep in mind that New Jersey is placed second highest in auto insurance rates in the entire United States. The combined average for water, utilities, electric and miscellaneous expenses, totals up to three hundred and fifty dollars. The average in rent in a typical, suburban area totals nine hundred dollars per month. The lowest average of expenses for miscellaneous activities such as eating and drinking, cable/inte...